天天好学网雅思写作中词汇评分标准详解
从语法词汇角度分析， 为什么雅思写作7分，可望而不可及?很多童鞋雅思都会卡在写作上，大部分学校都要求单科不能低于6，而写作千年5.5，还有学生想要4个7，而写作也是考了n次都差那么一点点。我们今天从语法和词汇的角度分析一下，写作6分，7分的词汇语法到底应该是什么样的。下面是精心整理的雅思写作中词汇评分标准详解，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
雅思写作中词汇评分标准
lexical resource
***给出的7分评分标准：
*uses a sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision
*uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation
*may produce occasional errors in word choice, spelling and /or word formation
*
***给出的6分评分标准：
*uses an adequate range of vocabulary for the task
*attempts to use less common vocabulary but with some inaccuracy
*makes some errors in spelling and /or word formation, but they do not impede communication
同六分词汇标准相比，7 分多了两个要求： flexibility (灵活性) and precision (准确性)。灵活性暗示我们在作文中要设置同意替换词 。比如， 第一段写了developing countries, 第二段就可以用these nations, 第三段可以用poor regions
准确性 指在该题目下贴切的，核心的词汇 。比如***府话题写出welffare 福利一词，环保话题写出environmental-friendly 一词。
7分和6分同时要求：要有less common lexical items, 不普通的，含义较深刻的词汇。比如undermine ( v. 逐渐破坏)代替damage; 用dilemma 代替problem。用的好不好，地道不地道，是否注意到了style( 文体) 和 collocation (搭配)决定了是6还是7.
所以在写作中，词汇在准确使用的基础上，我们一定要注意设置同意替换词。在练习时我们就要不断积累同意替换词，在经常使用的单词上多想想，还可以替换什么样的词和表达方式。
给出一些写作中常见的一些同意替换词：
人们 people /the public /individuals /citizens
年轻?the young /juvenile /youth /teenager
年人 the old / the elderly /senior citizens / the aged
竞争对手/rivals /competitor /opponent /adversary /contender
特点,特征 trait /feature /attribute /characteristic /quality
结果,后果 outcome /result /consequence
缺乏,缺少 lack /shortage /insufficiency
标准,基准 benchmark /standard /criteria
大量的 a lot of /enormous /plenty of
可行的,可操作的 practical /feasible /workable /usable
重要的 important /essential /crucial /critical /key /pivotal
产生,造成 produce /generate /create /trigger /pose /engender
解决,处理 solve /settle /tackle /handle /cope with
使用,利用 use /utilize /employ /exploit /harness
支持,资助 support /sponsor /back up /subsidize /finance
提高,推动,加强 improve /promote /enhance /strengthen /facilitate /boost
改变,转变 change /shift /alter /transform /convert
重视,强调 highlight /emphasis /underline /underscore pay/draw attention to
忽视,轻视 ignore /neglect /overlook /underestimate
雅思写作中语法评分标准
grammar range and accuracy
7 7分评分标准：使用多种多样的复合句
*use a variety of complex structures
*produces frequent error-free sentences
*has good control of grammar and punctuation but may make a few errors.
(那么什么算是a variety of 呢?3种以上才称得上 a variety of,所以写作中要写出4种以上不同的从句。 剑桥书后的考官范文，平均每篇12 句话，2句话是简单句，2句话是并列句，其余8句都是各种从句)
6分评分标准：简单句和复合句的混合使用
*uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms
*makes some errors in grammar and punctuation but they rarely reduce communication
英文句式：简单句，并列句， 限制性定语从句=分词做定语，非限制性定语从句，名词性从句(主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句)， 状语从句=分词做状语，强调句，倒装句，插入语结构， 双重否定表肯定结构
在写作中，我们要熟练，正确，恰当的应用多种句式与结构。 当然除了句式我们还有时态，准确恰当运用各种时态在简单句和复合句中。
我们从一些例句中，学习一下语法句式可以如何转换。
1.With the rapid development of economy, the environment has been deteriorated . (主+谓的简单句)
= As the economy develops rapidly, the environment has been deteriorated. (as引导的时间状语从句)
2. Experts suggest the government to take down the old buildings in the urban center in order to improve the city image. (主 +谓+ 宾+宾补的简单句)
= Experts suggest that the government should tear down urban old buildings in order to enhance the image of this city. (that引导的宾语从句)
3. People who live in the city could enjoy enormous living benefits.(定语从句)
= People living in the city could enjoy enormous living benefits. (现在分词做定语)
4. The money which was spent on wild animals protection should have been used to improve human lives . (定语从句)
=The money spent on wild animal protection should have been used to improve human lives. (过去分词做定语)
5. Space exploration is by no means inexpensive. It could exert heavy financial burden on the government. (两个简单句)
= Space exploration, which is by no means inexpensive, could exert heavy financial burden on the government. (非限定性定语从句)
6. Some people think that the advantages of studying abroad overweigh its disadvantages. (宾语从句)
= Some people hold the belief that the benefits of studying abroad outweigh its drawbacks. (同位语从句)
7. = When the hotline was put into use in April, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. (时间状语从句)
=Put into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.( 分词短语作时间状语)
8.Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (原因状语从句)
=Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (分词短语作原因状语)
9. The factories near the living quarters emit plenty of toxic gas and pollute the environment. (简单句)
=The factories near the living quarters emit plenty of toxic gas, polluting the environment. 现在分词做伴随状语
10. Spring came on, and the trees turned green. (并列句)
= when spring came on, the trees turned green .(. 时间状语从句)
=Spring coming on, the trees turned green. (***主格结构)
11.I seldom visited my grandparents with my patents since i lived in a different city.(简单句)
=Seldom did I visit my grandparents with my patents since I lived in a different city. (倒装句)
14.I understand that you love me best in the world only through this crisis.
(宾语从句)
= Only through this crisis do I understand that you love me best in the world.
(倒装句)
15. Cars and factories release a great deal of gases and pollute the environment.
(简单句)
=It is cars and factories that release a great deal of gases, polluting the environment.
(强调句)
16. Topics of punishment of criminals always arouse people’s attention. (简单句)
=Topics of the punishment of criminals never fail to arouse people’s attention.
(双重否表肯定)
= Never do topics of the punishment of criminals fail to arouse people’s attention. (倒装句)
通过这些例句，学生应该可以看到从简单句到复合句式的转换，句式的多样性，是保证一篇作文取得高分的.硬性要求，也是一个学生语言高水平的体现。
雅思词汇备考常见误区
No.1 单词背越多，雅思分数考越高
我们不是莎士比亚，不可能人人都背到三十万的词汇量，也不是爱因斯坦，看一遍就能全部记住，所以，背单词一定要学会给自己做减法。你不能看了阅读的机经是关于人体的骨骼，然后就去背什么盆腔骨，胸骨，肋骨，以至于几千块骨头全部背完吧。你要背的单词永远是最核心的，决定文章中心意思的单词。
No.2 只要背单词书，雅思考试中听说读写四块的词汇都可以提高
一般我们说你的词汇量是多少，指的是阅读的词汇量，即为你看着能认识，但不一定会读，会写和会用，你的词汇量为五千的话，并不意味着你能够真正使用这五千个单词。在雅思考试中，口语和写作对词的要求是会用会说会写，听力同样如此，所以，背单词书只能增加阅读的词汇量，而剩下的词汇量需要考生按话题去积累，例如口语中描述人会用到哪些词，写作中写到***府会需要用哪些搭配等等。
No.3 雅思考试中写作词汇要越难越好
其实考生可以在剑桥的真题的最后参照很多写作的范文，高分作文并不是通篇用的难词，而是用的最准确的词，在表达上也遵循了多样性的原则，所以，写作对词的要求并不是难，而是你所用的词一定要合适，表达的意思要精确。其次，雅思写作是学术写作，需要用学术类词汇，像很简单的takeget make这类词就尽量避免出现，这就等于一个四十岁的男的说我好可爱是一个道理。
No.4 只在词汇书上背单词
一直以来我都认为，兴趣是最好的老师，有时候背单词可以扔掉单词书，从自己感兴趣的话题来背单词，一定有好的收获，比如说我爱看篮球，那NBA有一只球队叫UTAHJAZZ犹他爵士，看到jazz 爵士这个词，还有一些音乐类型是不是也可以一起背了呢，比如hip-hop，RB， Pop，blues(蓝调)，摇滚乐rock music，也可以称之为rock roll ， heavymetal(重金属)，punk(庞克)，hardcore(硬核音乐)，indie(independent的简写)***音乐。这样子，和音乐相关的很多单词是不是就一起记住了呢。
No.5 考雅思，只需要把单词背完就好了
单词是一切语言的基础，没有单词的积累就不可能有语言的输出与表达，但是盲目地背单词，把单词当做考雅思的唯一稻草，却是万万不行的。单词必须要背，但背到了一定量的积累后，重点应该放在雅思考试的听说读写四个方面，语言最终是要会使用的，应该从这四个方面多锻炼技能，单词只是桥梁，要达到最终的目的地还是需要自己走过去。
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